if引导的宾语从句它的时态怎么定
if引导宾语从句时,作“是否”讲常放在动词 ask 、see 、say 、know 和 find out 等后面。一般情况下,两者常可换用,在口语中多用if。
例如
Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。
if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。
1、if或whether不能和that 或其它连词副词同时使用也不能省去。
例如
我不知道他今天是否会来。
[误] I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today .
[正] I don’t know if(whether) he will come here today .
他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。
[误] He came to see what if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
[正] He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
2、 if或whether引导的宾语从句时虽具有疑问意义但从句语序应用陈述句语序。
例如
Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old woman asked me .
The old woman asked me .if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。
3、 if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时,从句用任一种时态主句为一般过去时从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。
例如
I don’t know if (whether) he has come here . 我不知道他是否来过这儿。
Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book . 汤姆问我是否看过这本书。